The Munda community in Bangladesh is undergoing rapid cultural transformation due to socioeconomic challenges, modernization, and external influences. As a historically marginalized indigenous group, the Mundas face pressures that reshape their language, religious practices, and intergenerational identity. This study examines these shifts to understand how cultural continuity and change unfold in their everyday lives. The primary objective of this research is to explore the socio-cultural adaptations of the Munda people, focusing on language shifts, evolving religious practices, and intergenerational identity negotiations. The study aims to assess the implications of these changes within the broader framework of indigenous resilience and social integration. This research employs a qualitative approach, including in-depth interviews, participant observation, and informal discussions with Munda community members in Datinakhali village. Using Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus, cultural capital, and symbolic violence, the study examines how external pressures restructure indigenous cultural practices. Findings indicate that language loss is a critical issue, with younger generations increasingly adopting Bengali for economic and social mobility, weakening intergenerational communication and cultural memory. Religious practices are also evolving, as younger members integrate mainstream Hindu rituals or convert to other faiths, reflecting both adaptation and external pressures. Additionally, economic hardship accelerates cultural change, forcing the community to alter long-standing customs and social structures. The study concludes that cultural adaptation among the Mundas is shaped by structural inequalities rather than organic change. While resilience is evident, these transformations often reflect marginalization rather than voluntary evolution. To support the Munda community, policy interventions should prioritize indigenous language preservation, culturally responsive education, and economic programs that empower rather than assimilate. Recognizing and valuing indigenous knowledge systems is essential for fostering sustainable cultural and social development.