International Journal of Social Science Exceptional Research  |  ISSN: 2583-8261  |  Double-Blind Peer Review  |  Open Access  |  CC BY 4.0

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     2026:5/5

International Journal of Social Science Exceptional Research

ISSN: (Print) | 2583-8261 (Online) | Impact Factor: 8.41 | Open Access

A Pragmatic Study of Refusal Strategies and Directives in Cross-Cultural Business Negotiations: Subject Review

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Abstract

Cross-cultural business negotiations are high-stakes institutional debates in which commercial objectives depend on strategic discourse management. Negotiators in global business environments have a fundamental socio-pragmatic issue: they can decline an offer, request changes, or just refuse terms without stalling commercial negotiations or damaging relationships with the business community. While there is a large amount of literature on bargaining strategies and contract terms in the international business literature, the pragmatic and logical language dynamics of refusal speech acts, illocutionary force mitigation, and communicative scaffolding in
cross-cultural business dialogue are important to maintain the pace of negotiation. This paper is based on Speech Act Theory, Conversational Implicature, and Pragmatic Scaffolding.
 

How to Cite This Article

Dunya Lateef Khudhir, Huda Abdulhussein Saeed (2026). A Pragmatic Study of Refusal Strategies and Directives in Cross-Cultural Business Negotiations: Subject Review . International Journal of Social Science Exceptional Research (IJSSER), 5(6), 15-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54660/IJSSER.2026.5.6.15-17

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